Gernot Doppelhofer and Melvyn Weeks, "Jointness of Growth Determinants", Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol. 24, No. 2, 2009, pp. 209-244. There are two data files, an ASCII file (in DOS format) called Jointness_data.txt, and an Excel spreadsheet called Jointness_data.xls. Both files contain the same information. They are zipped in the file dw-data.zip. The datafiles contain observations for 139 countries and 68 variables, the dependent variable "Average Growth Rate of PPP-adjusted GDP per Capita 1960--1996" and 67 regressors. LIST OF COUNTRIES: The 139 countries are listed by "observation", classification "code" and "country name". Countries with missing observations were deleted from the sample, which implies 88 countries with complete observations were used in the estimation. LIST OF VARIABLES: Variables are listed in the same order as the columns in the dataset, shown in the first column "Data". The second column "Rank" shows the rank of variables by posterior inclusion probability, as listed in the Data Appendix B and Tables 1 and 2 of the paper. The third column "Short" gives the short variable name, that is used in additional tables of results, shown on the website http://www.nhh.no/sam/bace/. The fourth column "Variable Name" lists variable names, used in the Data Appendix B and Tables 1 and 2 in the paper. The fifth column shows the "Variable Description" and the sixth column contains the "Data Source". The dataset is also available in excel format on the website: http://www.nhh.no/sam/bace/ LIST OF COUNTRIES: observation code country 1 DZA Algeria 2 AGO Angola 3 BEN Benin 4 BWA Botswana 5 HVO Burkina Faso 6 BDI Burundi 7 CMR Cameroon 8 CPV Cape verde 9 CAF Cent'l Afr. Rep. 10 TCD Chad 11 COM Comoros 12 COG Congo 13 EGY Egypt 14 ETH Ethiopia 15 GAB Gabon 16 GMB Gambia 17 GHA Ghana 18 GIN Guinea 19 GNB Guinea-Bissau 20 CIV Cote d'Ivoire 21 KEN Kenya 22 LSO Lesotho 23 LBR Liberia 24 MDG Madagascar 25 MWI Malawi 26 MLI Mali 27 MRT Mauritania 28 MUS Mauritius 29 MAR Morocco 30 MOZ Mozambique 31 NER Niger 32 NGA Nigeria 33 RWA Rwanda 34 SEN Senegal 35 SYC Seychelles 36 SLE Sierra Leone 37 SOM Somalia 38 ZAF South africa 39 SDN Sudan 40 SWZ Swaziland 41 TZA Tanzania 42 TGO Togo 43 TUN Tunisia 44 UGA Uganda 45 ZAR Zaire 46 ZMB Zambia 47 ZWE Zimbabwe 48 BHS Bahamas, The 49 BRB Barbados 50 CAN Canada 51 CRI Costa Rica 52 DMA Dominica 53 DOM Dominican Rep. 54 SLV El Salvador 55 GRD Grenada 56 GTM Guatemala 57 HTI Haiti 58 HND Honduras 59 JAM Jamaica 60 MEX Mexico 61 NIC Nicaragua 62 PAN Panama 63 LCA St.Lucia 64 VCT St.Vincent & Grens. 65 TTO Trinidad & Tobago 66 USA United States 67 ARG Argentina 68 BOL Bolivia 69 BRA Brazil 70 CHL Chile 71 COL Colombia 72 ECU Ecuador 73 GUY Guyana 74 PRY Paraguay 75 PER Peru 76 SUR Suriname 77 URY Uruguay 78 VEN Venezuela 79 AFG Afghanistan 80 BHR Bahrain 81 BGD Bangladesh 82 BUR Myanmar (Burma) 83 CHN China 84 HKG Hong Kong 85 IND India 86 IDN Indonesia 87 IRN Iran, I.R. of 88 IRQ Iraq 89 ISR Israel 90 JPN Japan 91 JOR Jordan 92 KOR Korea 93 KWT Kuwait 94 MYS Malaysia 95 NPL Nepal 96 OMN Oman 97 PAK Pakistan 98 PHL Philippines 99 SAU Saudi Arabia 100 SGP Singapore 101 LKA Sri Lanka 102 SYR Syria 103 OAN Taiwan 104 THA Thailand 105 ARE Unit'd Arab Emir. 106 YEM Yemen, N.Arab 107 AUT Austria 108 BEL Belgium 109 CYP Cyprus 110 DNK Denmark 111 FIN Finland 112 FRA France 113 DEU Germany, West 114 GRC Greece 115 HUN Hungary 116 ISL Iceland 117 IRL Ireland 118 ITA Italy 119 LUX Luxembourg 120 MLT Malta 121 NLD Netherlands 122 NOR Norway 123 POL Poland 124 PRT Portugal 125 ESP Spain 126 SWE Sweden 127 CHE Switzerland 128 TUR Turkey 129 GBR United Kingdom 130 YUG Yugoslavia 131 AUS Australia 132 FJI Fiji 133 NZL New Zealand 134 PNG Papua New Guinea 135 SLB Solomon Islands 136 TON Tonga 137 VUT Vanuatu 138 WSM Samoa 139 NAM Namibia LIST OF VARIABLES Data RANK SHORT Variable Name Variable Description Data Source 0 0 GROWTH Average Growth Rate of PPP-adjusted GDP per Capita 1960--1996 Growth of GDP per capita at purchasing power parities between 1960 and 1996. Heston, Summers and Aten (2001). 1 34 ABSLATIT Absolute Latitude Absolute latitude. Barro (1999). 2 32 AIRDIST Air Distance to Big Cities Logarithm of minimal distance (in km) from New York, Rotterdam or Tokio. Gallup, Mellinger and Sachs (2001). 3 17 AVELF Ethnolinguistic Fractionalization "Average of five different indices of ethnolinguistic fractionalization (Probability of two random people in a country not speaking the same language)." Easterly and Levine (1997). 4 42 BRIT British Colony Dummy Dummy for former British colony after 1776. Barro (1999). 5 18 BUDDHA Fraction Buddhist Fraction of population Buddhist in 1960. Barro (1999). 6 35 CATH00 Fraction Catholic Fraction of population Catholics in 1960. Barro (1999). 7 38 CIV72 Civil Liberties Index of civil liberties index in 1972. Barro (1999). 8 36 COLONY Colony Dummy Dummy for former colony. Barro (1999). 9 9 CONFUC Fraction Confucian Fraction of population Confucian. Barro (1999). 10 19 DENS60 Population Density Population per area in 1960. Barro and Lee (1993). 11 6 DENS65C Population Coastal Density Coastal (within 100km of coastline) population per coastal area in 1965. Gallup, Mellinger and Sachs (2001). 12 67 DENS65I Interior Density Interior (more than 100 km from coastline) population per interior area in 1965. Gallup, Mellinger and Sachs (2001). 13 55 DPOP6090 Population Growth Rate 1960-90 Average growth rate of population between 1960 and 1990. Barro and Lee (1993). 14 1 EAST East Asian Dummy Dummy for East Asian countries. 15 65 ECORG Capitalism Degree capitalism index. Hall and Jones (1999). 16 50 ENGFRAC English Speaking Population Fraction of population speaking English. Hall and Jones (1999). 17 40 EUROPE European Dummy Dummy for European economies. 18 37 FERTLDC1 Fertility Fertility in 1960s. Barro and Sala-i-Martin (2004). 19 46 GDE1 Defense Spending Share of GDP Average share public expenditures on defense as fraction of GDP between 1960 and 1965. Barro and Lee (1993). 20 4 GDPCH60L Initial Income (Log GDP in 1960) Logarithm of GDP per capita in 1960. Heston, Summers and Aten (2001). 21 57 GEEREC1 Public Education Spending Share of GDP Average share public expenditures on education as fraction of GDP between 1960 and 1965. Barro and Lee (1993). 22 28 GGCFD3 Public Investment Share of GDP Average share of expenditures on public investment as fraction of GDP between 1960 and 1965. Barro and Lee (1993). 23 33 GOVNOM1 Nominal Government Share of GDP Average share of nominal government spending to nominal GDP between 1960 and 1964. Heston, Summers and Aten (2001). 24 24 GOVSH61 Government Share of GDP Average share government spending to GDP between 1960-64. Heston, Summers and Aten (2001). 25 14 GVR61 Government Consumption Share of GDP Share of expenditures on government consumption to GDP in 1961. Barro and Lee (1993). 26 25 H60 Higher Education Enrollment Enrollment rates in higher education. Barro and Lee (1993). 27 54 HERF00 Religion Measure Religion measure. Barro (1999). 28 30 HINDU00 Fraction Hindu Fraction of the population Hindu in 1960. Barro (1999). 29 3 IPRICE1 Investment Price Average investment price level between 1960 and 1964 on purchasing power parity basis. Heston, Summers and Aten (2001). 30 11 LAAM Latin America Dummy Dummy for Latin American countries. 31 66 LANDAREA Land Area Area in km2. Barro and Lee (1993). 32 52 LANDLOCK Landlocked Country Dummy Dummy for landlocked countries. 33 43 LHCPC Hydrocarbon Deposits Log of hydrocarbon deposits in 1993. Gallup, Mellinger and Sachs (2001). 34 8 LIFE060 Life Expectancy Life expectancy in 1960. Barro and Lee (1993). 35 53 LT100CR Fraction Land Area Near Navigable Water Proportion of country's land area within 100km of ocean or ocean-navigable river. Gallup, Mellinger and Sachs (2001). 36 7 MALFAL66 Malaria Prevalence Index of malaria prevalence in 1966. Gallup, Mellinger and Sachs (2001). 37 13 MINING Mining Share of GDP Fraction of GDP in mining. Hall and Jones (1999). 38 15 MUSLIM00 Fraction Muslim Fraction of population Muslim in 1960. Barro (1999). 39 48 NEWSTATE Timing of Independence "Timing of national independence measure: 0 if before 1914; 1 if between 1914 and 1945; 2 if between 1946 and 1989; and 3 if after 1989." Gallup, Mellinger and Sachs (2001). 40 56 OIL Oil Producing Country Dummy Dummy for oil producing country. Barro (1999). 41 22 OPENDEC1 Openness 1965-74 ((Exports + Imports)/GDP) Ratio of exports plus imports to GDP, averaged over 1965 to 1974. Barro (mimeo). 42 64 ORTH00 Fraction Orthodox Fraction of population Orthodox in 1960. Barro (1999). 43 21 OTHFRAC Fraction Speaking Foreign Language Fraction of population speaking foreign language. Hall and Jones (1999). 44 2 P60 Primary Schooling Enrollment Enrolment rate in primary education in 1960. Barro and Lee (1993). 45 51 PI6090 Average Inflation 1960-90 Average inflation rate between 1960 and 1990. Levine and Renelt (1992). 46 58 SQPI6090 Square of Inflation 1960-90 Square of average inflation rate between 1960 and 1990. 47 23 PRIGHTS Political Rights Political rights index. Barro (1999). 48 31 POP1560 Fraction Population Less than 15 Fraction of population younger than 15 years in 1960. Barro and Lee (1993). 49 45 POP60 Population in 1960 Population in 1960. Barro (1999). 50 47 POP6560 Fraction Population Over 65 Fraction of population older than 65 years in 1960. Barro and Lee (1993). 51 26 PRIEXP70 Primary Exports Fraction of primary exports in total exports in 1970. Sachs and Warner (1997). 52 29 PROT00 Fraction Protestant Fraction of population Protestant in 1960. Barro (1999). 53 20 RERD Real Exchange Rate Distortions Real exchange rate distortions. Levine and Renelt (1992). 54 39 REVCOUP Revolutions and Coups Number of revolutions and military coups. Barro and Lee (1993). 55 10 SAFRICA Sub-Saharan Africa Dummy Dummy for Sub-Saharan African countries. 56 41 SCOUT Outward Orientation Measure of outward orientation. Levine and Renelt (1992). 57 49 SIZE60 Size of Economy Logarithm of aggregate GDP in 1960. 58 59 SOCIALIST Socialist Dummy Dummy for country under Socialist rule for considerable time during 1950 to 1995. Gallup, Mellinger and Sachs (2001). 59 12 SPAIN Spanish Colony Dummy variable for fomer Spanish colonies. Barro (1999). 60 44 TOT1DEC1 Terms of Trade Growth in 1960s Growth of terms of trade in the 1960. Barro and Lee (1993). 61 62 TOTIND Terms of Trade Ranking Terms of trade ranking Barro (mimeo). 62 5 TROPICAR Fraction of Tropical Area Proportion of country's land area within geographical tropics. Gallup, Mellinger and Sachs (2001). 63 27 TROPPOP Fraction Population In Tropics Proportion of country's population living in geographical tropics. Gallup, Mellinger and Sachs (2001). 64 61 WARTIME Fraction Spent in War 1960-90 Fraction of time spent in war between 1960 and 1990. Barro and Lee (1993). 65 63 WARTORN War Participation 1960-90 Indicator for countries that participated extrenal war between 1960 and 1990. Barro and Lee (1993). 66 16 YRSOPEN Years Open 1950-94 Number of years economy has been open between 1950 and 1994. Sachs and Warner (1995). 67 60 ZTROPICS Tropical Climate Zone Fraction tropical climate zone. Gallup, Mellinger and Sachs (2001). ADDITIONAL REFERENCES FOR DATA SOURCES: Barro, R.J. 1999. Determinants of Democracy. Journal of Political Economy 107(6), pt 2: S158-83. Barro, R.J. mimeo. Data were kindly provided by Robert Barro. Barro, R.J. and J.W. Lee. 1993. International Comparisons of Educational Attainment. Journal of Monetary Economics 32(3): 363-94. Website: http://www.nber.org/pub/barro.lee/ Barro, R.J. and X. Sala-i-Martin. 2004. Economic Growth. 2nd edition. MIT Press. Easterly, W. and R. Levine. 1997. Africa's Growth Tragedy: Policies and Ethnic Divisions. Quarterly Journal of Economics 112(4): 1203-50. Gallup, J.L., A. Mellinger and J.D. Sachs. 2001. Geography Datasets. Center for International development at Harvard University (CID), Website: http://www.cid.harvard.edu/ciddata/geographydata.htm Hall, R.E. and C.I. Jones. 1999. Why Do Some Countries Produce So Much More Output Per Worker Than Others? Quarterly Journal of Economics 114(1): 83-116. Heston, A, R. Summers and B. Aten. 2001. Penn World Table Version 6.0. Center for International Comparisons at the University of Pennsylvania (CICUP). Website: http://pwt.econ.upenn.edu/ Levine, R.E. and D. Renelt. 1992. A Sensitivity Analysis of Cross-Country Growth Regressions. American Economic Review 82(4): 942-63. Sachs, J.D. and A.M. Warner. 1995. Economic Reform and the Process of Economic Integration. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 1: 1-95. Sachs, J.D. and A.M. Warner. 2001. The Curse of Natural Resources. European Economic Review 45 (4-6): 827-38. Website: http://www.cid.harvard.edu/ciddata/ciddata.html Gernot Doppelhofer Melvyn Weeks Gernot.Doppelhofer [AT] nhh.no Melvyn.Weeks [AT]econ.cam.ac.uk