Marco Bianchi, "Testing for Convergence: Evidence from Nonparametric Multimodality Tests", Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol. 12, No.4, 1997, pp. 393-409. Brief description of the data. The data set is taken from the database of the University of Pennsylvania, Penn World Table (PWT), June 1993. It consists of annual per capita GDP at constant U.S. dollars for 119 countries, measured in 1970, 1980 and 1989. All data are in the ASCII file data.mb.